Reduce social deviance: make the behavior feel normal

• TechniqueCLimitedEvidence grade C. Limited evidence: few or small studies.

  Ability first: find the missing ingredient before redesigning

  behavior triage, ease first

  For each drop-off, decide what was missing at that moment: the prompt (never saw it), motivation (saw it, didn't care) or ability (started, couldn't finish). Fix the cheapest missing piece, and check ability first, because making something easier is cheaper and faster than making people want it more.

• TechniqueBModerateEvidence grade B. Moderate evidence: solid studies with some limits.

  Remove steps between the trigger and the first reward

  shorter path to value

  List every step from the moment the need appears to the reward, then delete, merge, prefill or defer steps until the shortest path remains. The first reward should sit as close to the trigger as possible. Keep any step that protects the user.

• TechniqueCLimitedEvidence grade C. Limited evidence: few or small studies.

  Name the scarcest resource at each step, and benchmark the steps

  friction audit

  Walk the path from need to reward and count taps, screens, fields and seconds, for you and two competitors. At each step, name which of six resources the user is shortest of right then: time, money, physical effort, brain cycles, social comfort or routine. Turn the worst steps into three testable simplifications.

• TechniqueCLimitedEvidence grade C. Limited evidence: few or small studies.

  Reduce time: faster paths and smaller first doses

  less waiting, shorter sessions

  When time is the scarce resource, make the action fit the minutes the user has: fast loads, instant results, sessions that finish in a minute or two, and content split into small daily units with the most engaging part first.

• TechniqueCLimitedEvidence grade C. Limited evidence: few or small studies.

  Reduce physical effort: fewer taps, less typing

  less typing and tapping

  When the body is the bottleneck (a small screen, one hand, on the move), replace typing with autofill, scanning or voice, put targets in reach of the thumb, offer other modes such as audio, and give perishable moments a fast path from the lock screen or a notification.

• TechniqueBModerateEvidence grade B. Moderate evidence: solid studies with some limits.

  Reduce brain cycles: one clear next action

  fewer decisions per screen

  When users are new or unsure, give each screen and each message one primary action, preselect the common choice, and reveal options only when needed. Plain words, recognition over recall and a clean screen beat explanation.

Sources

• Hooked · Nir Eyal

  Ch.3 · Ch.4 · Ch.5

Source IDs: HK-ACT10 · HK-RWD04 · HK-INV28

Book content is paraphrased, never quoted at length. Last verified October 24, 2026.